Essay on The Role of Wiglaf in Beowulf - 1154 Words

The Role of Wiglaf in Beowulf Seemingly minor character Wiglaf plays a central role in the conclusion of Beowulf. A young knight who has never before seen battle, Wiglaf steps forward to help his lord, hero, and cousin Beowulf in a time of peril. With his failure in battle and resulting death, the narrator shows that Beowulf is, after all, a prideful and mortal being; thus begins the transfer of heroic status from the old king to the young knight. The narrator argues that Wiglaf is worthy of his abruptly acquired status even though his intentions may seem questionable. The end of the poem devotes a significant amount of lines to dialogue spoken by Wiglaf, signifying his newly crucial role in his kingdom and in the story.†¦show more content†¦Stepping up to lead the ranks into battle, he rallies the troops and tries to excite the others’ passion and will to defend their lord and their purpose. Beowulf is now a weak and unsound character in need of rescuing, whereas Wiglaf is the valiant hero a nd savior. As Beowulf fails for the first time, Wiglaf confronts battle for â€Å"his first time to be tested as a fighter† (2627). He is the only visible character aside from Beowulf as the other knights were hiding out of harms way: No help or backing was to be had then / from his highborn comrades; that hand-picked troop / broke ranks and ran for their lives / to the safety of the wood (2597-2599). The cowardice of these men contrasts with Wiglaf’s bravery and discernment: But within one heart / sorrow welled up: in a man of worth / the claims of kinship cannot be denied (2599-2602). He concedes that Beowulf wants to fight the fight alone, but recognizes the futility of the king’s prideful wishes and suggests that â€Å"sound men,† or men who are not weak and foolish, lend a hand to the old man. In the climax of the battle scene and last display of his strength, Wiglaf must take refuge behind Beowulf’s shield as they fight the dragon. However, the transition of heroism onto Wiglaf progresses when he stands besideShow MoreRelatedEpic of Beowulf Essay1106 Words   |  5 PagesThe 8th century epic poem Beowulf illustrates a loss of community, cultural values and tradition. On the other hand, an elegiac passing of an extraordinary hero and the relationship between the themes of mortality and heroism are well discussed in Beowulf. Beowulf’s character exemplifies the Germanic and the Anglo-Saxon ideals of the hero: strong, fearless, bold, loyal, and stoic in the acceptance of fate. Despite his lack of humility, Beowulf was the definition of a hero in his own time by hisRead MoreEssay on Beowulf and the Heros Journey1073 Words   |  5 Pagesbe described as a hero’s journey. Many heroic characters follow the monomyth, no matter the time period or culture the literature was created in. The poem Beowulf is known to follow the adventure of the hero described in Campbell’s monomyth . The hero’s journey consists of three rites of passages: separation, initiation, and return. Beowulf endures each of these stages throughout the epic poem, so his journey does follow Campbell’s monomyth. The separation is the first stage a hero must go throughRead MoreGermanic Culture Preserved in Beowulf1284 Words   |  6 PagesGermanic Culture Preserved in Beowulf Many differences can be found between early Germanic culture and our culture today. Beowulf,the story of the triumphs of a great warrior over near impossible feats, takes place in Scandanavia during the 450s. In this tale, the war obsessed men exhibit values important to the early Germanic culture. Recording such an epic tale not only immortalizes the hero of the poem, but in turn also makes certain that these Scandanavian ways of life will never be forgottenRead MorePaganism and Christianity in Beowulf Essay examples1414 Words   |  6 PagesBeowulf is an epic poem that centers around the hero Beowulf, a Geat from Sweden who crosses the sea to Denmark in a heroic quest to save King Hrothgar, king of the Danes and the builder of Herot, and his men from the demonic monster Grendel who kills and feasts on Hrothgar’s warriors. Beowulf’s adventure does not end when he defeats Grendel though, he must also kill Grendel’s mother because she seeks revenge for her sonâ €™s death. Once Beowulf kills Grendel’s mother, he goes home and soon becomesRead MoreBeowulf Archetype Analysis724 Words   |  3 PagesThe use of archetypes largely contributed to the development of the story. It helped make connections between the events. It helps make sense of why these situations were included in the story. Through difficult situations Beowulf developed a never-ending faith in God, and a realization that material goods aren’t all that matter. The possibly most important archetype used in this book is â€Å"Religion†. God is referred to by many names. He is referred to as the Almighty Father, Heavenly Shepard, LordRead MoreA Warrior Essay : The Importance Of Courage In Beowulf1275 Words   |  6 Pagesfollowing their leader into battle or anything. After Hrothgar’s counsellor Aeschere was killed by Grendel’s mother, Beowulf used his courage to fight and avenge King Hrothgar’s close counsellor, (1384-1397). Beowulf not only uses his courage, but he also raises Hrothgar’s courage and again brings back the fact they obey and must follow the heroic code. As stated before, Beowulf, and his men risk their lives to defeat Grendel’s mother and save Hrothgar’s people. Even though many of the men inRead MoreBeowulf : An Anglo Saxon Epic Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesThomas May Mrs. Purcell ENGL 12H September 12, 2016 Beowulf is an Anglo-Saxon epic that depicts the tales of the great hero Beowulf who fights valiantly and wins every battle he ever fights in. One day he gets word of a terrible monster named Grendel who is terrorizing the Danes and they can’t kill the beast himself, so Beowulf takes off to help the Danes. Upon arrival he is led to Heorot, the mead hall where Grendel does a lot of his killings. Once he is there he decides to trick Grendel by pretendingRead MoreEssay On Selflessness In Beowulf783 Words   |  4 Pagessociety as well as in the epic poem Beowulf, align completely with the archetype of an epic hero, these qualities being selflessness, generosity, and bravery. The traits of epic heroes are glorified in society and are the standard to which a society bases their morals from, a prime example of one such trait is selflessness. Not only is selflessness portrayed in Beowulf with a positive connotation, but it is represented by the main protagonist of the story, Beowulf himself. An instance of his selflessnessRead MoreThe Epic Of Epic Poems1106 Words   |  5 Pages Epic poems played a significant role in maintaining historical events during the Middle Ages. With very little written records, epic poems were memorized and passed down as an oral communication for generations. Beowulf was an example of this type of story that may have existed for a century before it was documented. Unfortunately, due to this type of record keeping, there is no accurate account of the time frame that Beowulf was created or even by what author. It could be deduced that thisRead MoreEssay on Beowulf study guide1576 Words   |  7 Pages1) Describe how we find King Hrothgar and his response to learning that Beowulf has come to his kingdom. A. The king is sad and depressed that his kingdom has fallen into such a state of disrepair. He is overjoyed to learn that Beowulf, whom he knows from stories and his father, Ecgtheow, has come to fight Grendel. Hrothgar promises Beowulf treasure if he can defeat the monster. 2) In the beginning of â€Å"Beowulf,† King Hrothgar’s hall has been deserted for twelve years. In a short essay, tell why

Women s Rights And Gender Equality Essay - 2428 Words

At first glance, the words feminism, veganism, and locavorism may induce many different thoughts and images. One might think of a celebrity, a stereotype, a character trait, or a group of specifically similar people associated with each word. For some, these three words may not even bring anything or anyone significant to mind. But no matter what thoughts arise through them, all three of these words represent an ideology, and two of them commonly have to do with diet. Feminism, or the advocacy of women’s rights and gender equality, and veganism, or the lifestyle and diet of avoiding animal products, are widely known and decently popular. However, locavorism, which is the lifestyle and diet of purchasing and eating locally and sustainably grown food in order to help the environment and be healthy, is more of a modern concept that was not always relevant or present in American society. In fact, it only became popular in the past decade (Rudy, 2012, p. 27). Nonetheless, the point still stands that feminism, veganism, and locavorism may not seem to have any connections aside from the fact that they are indeed all ideologies and they share a suffix. However, when observed on a deeper level, it is discovered that the widely held feminist views of gender and socioeconomic equality coincide with the views of vegans that also focus on equality for beings thought to be inferior. Even further, feminist views pertaining to the equitable distribution of food and positive treatment ofShow MoreRelatedWomen s Rights And Gender Equality Essay1506 Words   |  7 Pages All men and women were created equal. However, this obvious truth is not universally shared. Fortunately, there is a very real fight for gender equality that we are currently engaged in, and a participant in that fight that holds a fundamental role are non-governmental organizations (NGOs). NGOs exist as private, voluntary organizations that function without government restriction and bias because they are not for profit and not funded by the government. These organizations coordinate strategiesRead MoreWomen s Rights For Gender Equality1441 Words   |  6 PagesWhatever women do, they must do twice as well as men to be thought half as good. Luckily, this is not difficult (Charlotte Whitton). Women’s rights promote an equality between men and women. Equality between males and females would be both genders being treated equal and fair in all aspects of life. Many people have been fighting for centuries to transform women’s rights. Women’s rights regarding job opportunities, military advancements and pay gaps have transformed over centuries and need to continueRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Gender Equality And Women1005 Words   |  5 PagesHistorically women have not been provided equal opportunities in competitive and collegiate sports. In the late 1800’s, social perception was that females were weak and although they were admired by me n, they were treated like objects (Lumpkin, 2013). Competitive and collegiate sports were dominated by males, with little opportunity for women to participate. Females eagerly wanted to participate, however sports were perceived inappropriate which would put their femininity in question and putRead MoreGender Equality And Women s Rights1274 Words   |  6 Pages Women in the world still face discrimination and gender equality takes action to achieve women’s rights. AAUW provides and gives women the chance to have an education, while Catalyst reaches out to women to carry out equal pay, equal participation in the workplace, and remove discrimination. UN Women attains to human rights for women. Throughout history women have fought for gender equality in the workplace and in education, and every year organizations like AAUW, Catalyst, and UN Women haveRead MoreGender Equality And Its Effects On Women s Rights1962 Words   |  8 Pageshas also caused it to regress. Prior to the occupation of these treacherous groups, Afghanistan had a relatively liberal outlook, with a hopeful progression of women’s rights. More specifically; â€Å"Afghan women made up 50% of government workers, 70% of school teachers, and 40% of doctors in Kabul.† In recent years the public life of women has been completely effaced due to the effects of war and the Taliban regime. They are isolated, confined to their homes and masked with an all-encompassing burqa; prisonersRead MoreGender Equality And The Movement For Women s Rights On A Global Scale1174 Words   |  5 Pagesawareness about gender equality and the movement for women’s rights on a global scale. In fact, there are two controversial perceptions of the meaning of feminism and what feminists stand for. For many years, feminism is considered a series of mere actions exhorting for only women, which is anti-men and overaggressive. Recently, there is a gradual change in the understanding of what femin ism is. It is all about the equality that every living human should be treated regardless of gender, race, religionRead MoreGender Roles : Women s Rights On The Ground Of Political, Social And Economic Equality1531 Words   |  7 Pagesisa loaded term. Defined as the advocacy of woman’s rights on the ground of political, social and economic equality to men, feminism has become a movement for woman to have the same rights and respect as men, but just as racism is still relevant, so is the inequality of woman because of stereotypical gender roles. Woman have alway had their role in history, but those roles are often dictated by men. Historically woman have been shown doing woman s work and are defined in terms of their marital statusRead MoreSummary Of Looking For Alibrandi By Goria Steinem1077 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"A gender-equal society would be one where the word â€Å"gender† does not exist: where everyone can be themselves. â€Å"said by Goria Steinem. I disagree with Steinem’s statement in relation to gender equality in contemporary Australia. In this essay, three arguments would be addressed, which directly referred to Melina Marchetta’s 1992 novel, Looking for Alibrandi that enacted a story of a teenage girl who had to face difficulties in the society and fight with the original Australians as she was an illegitimateRead MoreGender Inequality Between Men And Women1255 Words   |  6 PagesHowever feminism maintains that women are treated in an unfair ways. Social gender roles lead to various forms of inequality and disparity between men and women, which in relation to the socio economic, political and cultural ideologies plays a negative role in girls (Asley 2014) .While some societies, defend gender differences based on their cultural norms and religious beliefs, this tends to restrict women physical and mental space.†Across social classes girls tends to have less physical mobilityRead MoreDoes Feminism Cre ate Equality?1037 Words   |  5 PagesDoes Feminism Create Equality? Feminism is an umbrella term for people who think there is something wrong with the idea that gender has the capability to limit an individual’s social and political right. Even if there is inequality between men and women, feminism has never been the main reason to give women their civil rights. Feminism started among European activists in the 19th century, when women were not treated equally and were not elected to high positions of power. Indeed, it sought to eliminate

The opinions of Mill and Kant Free Essays

Mill’s utilitarianism on Kant and Baxter’s arguments In John Stuart Mill’s arguments for utilitarianism, it can be observed that his concept of that which is â€Å"good† corresponds to the maximization of utility, or the promotion of the greatest happiness for the greatest number. Further, Mill maintains that right actions are those that primarily promote happiness while on the other hand actions that result to the reverse of happiness are wrong actions. At this point, it should be noted that Mill is arguing for the centrality of a form of consequentialism in his conception of actions and their resulting moral worth. We will write a custom essay sample on The opinions of Mill and Kant or any similar topic only for you Order Now That is, the moral worth or value of the actions of man can be assessed through the very consequences that they give rise to. As human conduct is essentially directed by the quest for happiness or utility, Mill elaborates further that the very directive of men to acquire happiness does not refer to individual happiness or the happiness of each person taken singularly but rather to the collective happiness or the happiness for the greatest number of people. Among the numerous possible manifestations of such happiness that may be perceived, he further argues that the greatest happiness is to be sought after in connection to the greatest number of individuals. From this point, we are to analyze the arguments raised by Immanuel Kant and William Baxter on the aspect of rational agents juxtaposed with the issue of pollution. Both Kant and Baxter resort to the claim that men as rational agents should occupy the central role in ethical considerations. Prior to Baxter, Kant has already maintained that human beings, as agents imbued with and the capacity to reason, should not be treated as the means to possible or given ends. Rather what Kant strongly proposes is that human beings should be considered as the very ends themselves in the course of the actions of every individual. On the other hand, Baxter strongly argues in line with the Kantian prescription for the acts of man. That is, man’s actions should be that which is what one ought to do. Mill will most likely tell us that Baxter’s conclusions do not eventually promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people in the immediate consequences of man’s actions towards the environment. Mill’s utilitarian principles will maintain that Baxter’s conclusions on the scope of environmental ethics merely prescribe what men ought to do. This prescription, when applied to several environmental issues such as man’s hunting for rare animals for the therapeutic values of their body parts, will most likely condemn the given example and other related instances. However, Mill will argue that, since the gathering of the body parts of such a rare animal will most likely contribute to the betterment and eventual happiness of the greatest number of human beings, the act in itself is a right act. The apparent consequences of such an action are deemed with the greatest amount of merit in classifying such action as morally right. For the most part, Mill might have instead argued for the claim that even if pollution becomes a result of the actions of man towards his environment, these same actions should be taken if it promotes the greatest degree of happiness for the greatest number of individuals as its consequence. Mill’s arguments cannot in any way directly support and uphold the ethical guidelines set forth by both Kant and Baxter in seeking the proper conduct for the status quo of the environment. Mill’s utilitarianism on Carr’s â€Å"Is Business Bluffing Ethical?† One essential feature of the utilitarian ethical doctrine is that its moral point of view rests firmly on the consequences of the actions made. That is, an action is then to be categorized as either good or bad depending on the consequence or result of the action intended. However, what differentiates the utilitarian principles from other ethical or moral tenet is that the former further qualifies the outcome of the actions as good in terms of maximum benefits conferred by the deed. In a sense, a good action, then, is one which has maximized benefits or advantages not to oneself but, more importantly, to the most number of individuals as well in the end. Thus, in essence, such doctrine of utilitarianism can be briefly summarized as one that seeks to establish â€Å"the greatest good for the greatest number. In adopting the principles being set forth by utilitarianism one is inclined to embrace the belief that the welfare of the majority is being taken with utmost concern and that, parallel to such aspect of utilitarianism, the greatest happiness or the benefit of the most number of people is seen as fitting enough to further accept the ethical theory of utilitarianism. The relative consequences in adopting these principles highlight a connection to the modern world inasmuch as the welfare of the majority rather than the individual is deemed to outweigh personal motives. Thus, the extent of Mill’s conception of the utilitarian doctrine will firmly hold that business bluffing is ethical so long as it promotes the good of the majority through the greatest good such an action is able to produce. For instance, when company executives are tasked to manage dealings or negotiations with fellow executives, customers, government authorities, labor groups, or the department heads of the same company the executives work in, they can resort to many forms of deception. The act of deceiving these â€Å"other† people in terms of its moral value can be analyzed through the apparent consequences such a conduct is able to make materialize. Especially in cases wherein the fate of the whole company or the status of the entire structure of the line of laborers is at stake, business bluffing is deemed right if and only if it is able to sustain the welfare of the general members of the company as its immediate consequence. Or even in the smallest of the departments in a business establishment, the relative gains of that small unit when taken as a whole should be reason enough, at least in Mill’s utilitarian approach, to pursue actions that will ensure the greatest gains for the greatest number in that department. These actions, in turn, are qualified as ethical and, hence, right under the utilitarian perspective as far as Carr’s notion on the extent of cases where the business â€Å"player† resorts to bluffing is concerned. On the other hand, the extent in which Mill will contradict Carr’s proposals for deception rests on the situation wherein bluffing does not promote the general welfare but instead advances the personal aims of the executive. In such cases, even if there are positive consequences for the businessman, the fact that the relative gains of the businessman for his own goes against the utilitarian principle of the maximization of the good. It ignores the crucial part of utilitarianism that prescribes actions which ensures the furtherance of the welfare of the majority. Thus, such an instance is essentially unethical inasmuch as it is not right as far as the tenets of utilitarianism are concerned. Kant’s ethical theory on DeJardins and Duska’s â€Å"Drug Testing in Employment† In order to analyze DeJardins and Duska’s claims in the article, an understanding of Kantian ethics should first be noted. Kantian ethics can be roughly started with the presumption that if we are to strictly follow the assertion that the goal of the lives of men is the attainment of happiness in general, then every individual will most likely be inclined to seek personal gratification so as to arrive at happiness. Nevertheless, the attainment of happiness is not entirely within the human capacity and that its actuality can be interpreted as a matter of chance that depends primarily on the varying capacities of man. No universal assurance on the attainment of happiness can then be seen. Consequently, by trying to remove cynicism and nihilism and by allowing the ethical norms of man to occupy the actions of all, it is necessary for these ethical doctrines to be unconditional such that there should be no exceptions and universal in the sense that these tenets should be applicable to every human being. Kant proceeds with his idea of the good will by defining it as a will that operates for the sake of duty and as a â€Å"good-in-itself†. For the most part, the concept of duty is central to the ethical precepts of Kant which he regards crucial by considering the difference that dwell between actions in accordance with duty and actions performed for the sake of duty. For Kant, the latter phrase is the only one that bears moral worth implying a greater moral worth in man’s actions that result from a person’s greater disinclination to act merely for the sake of duty. That is, if a person is motivated to do a certain act simply because one is entirely inclined to do such an act, then the act itself is considered to be bereft of moral worth. Duty for Kant is the inevitability or necessity of functioning out of a strict observation for laws that are universal. Consequently, the worth or value of the action done by the individual in terms of moral precepts is essentially drawn from the intention of the action thereby stressing the content of the actions in terms of intent as significant. This content can be further expressed in two manners. The first states that there are maxims or imperatives that stipulate that there are acts based on the desires of the individual. This is what Kant calls the hypothetical imperative. On the other hand, those which are based on reason and not merely dependent on one’s desires belong to the categorical imperative. The latter type deals with what ought to be done. All these can be roughly transposed and summarized into Kant’s conception of the practical imperative that claims that one ought to act to treat human beings as ends in themselves and never merely as a means to any given end, whether the individual is the self or another person. Thus, in line with the arguments proposed by the authors of Drug testing in Employment, Kant will very well argue that drug testing among employees in companies is unethical for the reason that it treats the employees as mere objects or means in achieving the ends of set forth by the company. The delicate private information that are to be obtained from the drug tests, moreover, gives rise to the possibility that these information can be manipulated for sinister ploys even if the protection of these information is given due recognition. Moreover, as the authors of the article suggest, drug use is not always job relevant. If this is the case, then information concerning drug use is not relevant as well hence leading to the observation that drug tests are irrelevant and that these only impair the centrality of man as the end for every action. The reason to these claims rests on two crucial aspects. First is that the practical imperative will not allow the treatment of the employees as schemes for the purpose of the upkeep of the employment status of the employer or of the company. Second is that drug testing undermines the rights of the employee thus, relegating our attention back to the first reason, undermining as well their existence as human beings and rational agents. Reference Mill, J. S. (1863). What Utilitarianism Is. In Utilitarianism (pp. 4-16). How to cite The opinions of Mill and Kant, Essay examples

Kiss of the Spider Woman Essay Thesis Example For Students

Kiss of the Spider Woman Essay Thesis In some sports and intellectual pursuits, results are evaluated both by the success of the final product and the degree of difficulty of the attempt. By this system, the figure skater, gymnast or test-taker gets a better grade for doing a harder thing even if the performance is not flawless than for a perfect execution of something routine. In the theatre, too often, we dont acknowledge that some things are harder than others. Shows, especially in the commercial arena, are either good or bad, hits of flops. I have before me a stack of recently released compact disks of musicals from both categories. Some are the result of new production, some commemorate past works in newly digitized form. Outline1 A chorus of singing prisoners  2 Extraordinary made ordinary  3 Muscular lyrics  4 Clean but soulless sound   A chorus of singing prisoners   Given the task of reviewing them, the temptation is pretty much to bludgeon the current crop about the face and neck using the magnificent Rodgers and Hammerstein 50th-anniversary boxed set as club, with the new Broadway cast recording of Guys and Dolls held in reserve. Kander and Ebb and McNallys Kiss of the Spider Woman, the Maury Yeston/Arthur Kopit Phantomhow could these discs share the same laser light as Carousel starring John Raitt and Jan Clayton, or Alfred Drake invoking the bright golden haze of Oklahoma!? Nothe American musical has certainly, by this crude measure, gone into eclipse, with the exception of a few solar flares put out by Sondheim and Finn. In Kiss of the Spider Woman, Manuel Puigs hallucinatory, psychodramatic story of political terror and aesthetic salvation, we have the makings of a major work of music-theatre. There is conflict and tension and atmosphere enough for Verdi, and the element of the fabulous enters organically via one characters technicolor, celluloid fantasies. The high-concept contributions of director Harold Prince and his set and projection designer, Jerome Sirlinnot to mention a chorus of singing prisoners and Chita Rivera bedecked in spidery Florence Klotz frockscreate a theatrical tour-de-force thats still pulling them in. So why, then, is the CD (a 1992 RCA Victor release) so uncompelling, so cloying? Why does the experience of listening to Kiss of the Spider Woman recede so quickly to the background of ones consciousness? If we apply the degree of difficulty standard, we have to allow Kander and Ebb a pretty good score a priori. Kiss is a tough, rich subject that mixes torture, sexual tension between a gay man and his straight cellmate, and colliding levels of reality. And lets recognize the Kiss albums legitimate strengths. The music given to Molina, the flamboyant window-dresser, and Valentin, the political revolutionary, is almost always clearly character-specific. The performances by Brent Carver (Molina) and Anthony Crivello (Valentin) are emotionally packed, well-sung and crisply articulated. Rivera is in fine, expressive voice throughout. There are a few numbers, particularly Shes a Woman, that remind us of Kander and Ebb at their plaintive, lyrical best (in the style of A Quiet Thing from Flora, The Red Menace, which is my candidate for their best single song). Extraordinary made ordinary   But the recording exposes, more clearly than any in recent memory, the dark side of the degree of difficulty standard: Kisss music and lyrics do not begin to rise to the level of the material, and so the final impression left by the cast album is one of an extraordinary thing made ordinary, pedestrian, pleasantlike the freezer-section versions of exotic ethnic entrees. Listen to almost any song and be reminded of 50 other Kander and Ebb tunes, which in turn remind us of that amalgamated songwriting team of Harnick and Bock and Comden and Green and lesser Loesser, Lerner and Lowe. Suddenly were not in a prison cell in an unnamed Latin American country; were unmistakably on Broadway, where the neon lights (and the cheerful key signatures) are bright. .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 , .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 .postImageUrl , .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 , .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324:hover , .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324:visited , .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324:active { border:0!important; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324:active , .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324 .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u493336f9118470c0fb426a484dd9e324:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Can I get a witness? EssayAurora features the standard show-tune device of wispy recitative accelerating into bouncy rhythms alternating with a third style copped from another tradition, in this case the tango. Blue-bloods tries to muster up some Sondheimesque patter energy, and segues seamlessly into the next number (Dressing Them Up). But whenever lyricist Ebb reaches for something more original and difficult, as in the parallel duet Gabriels Letter/My First Woman, Kanders music lets down. Taken individually, the tunes seem collections of notes that dont quite scan with the rhythms or the emotions of the words; then, when the two parts come together briefly, the result h as an air of accidental about it, as if some arranger long-removed from the project was called upon to make a medley and chose the wrong two songs to smash together. Overall, the CD release of Kiss of the Spider Woman especially in light of the shows Tony awards and its monster-hit statusillustrates the current impoverishment of the American musical, which mostly seems to be stuck in a kind of hazy, pleasant mid-century mist. Muscular lyrics   Which brings me to Rodgers and Hammerstein, the team that got us to mid-century in such spectacular style. If you are waryand we all should beof Golden Age myths, of it was better when nostalgia, of the belief that drama generally has been going downhill since Aeschylus, a tour through the RH 50th will make you nervous. This anniversary collection, issued by MCA Classics in a four-CD boxed set, contains original cast recordings of Oklahoma! (the Theatre Guild Musical Play that in so many ways started it all), Carousel and The King and I, along with a fourth disc called The Rodgers and Hammerstein Collection, featuring RH oddities and covers. The unsurprising but chastening truth that emerges from listening to these recordings is that it was better back when. Rodgers and Hammerstein emerge (or re-emerge) as infinitely more various than any of our contemporary writers or composers. The stylistic range of the songs within Carousel or, even more dramatic, among the three shows reproduced hereis vast. The word-setting and emotion-painting of Rodgerss music is almost always directly supportive of Hammersteins lyrics, which although capable of a touch of the goony (especially in South Pacific) are usually as supple and muscular as speech, as elevated as organized poetry. The synthesis these two achieved is the more remarkable because, although there is a discernible Rodgers and Hammerstein sound, it does not dominate the material they work with, but rather emerges from it: Oklahoma! sounds a little bit like Carousel, but somehow they both sound as if they spring from their own local habitation and not from 42nd Street. The performances on these old recordings are instructive, too. Once your ear adjusts to Alfred Drakes extremely patrician-sounding Curly, his great voice and most important his sense of freedom in phrasing and shaping a musical line are thrilling. Celeste Holms Ado Annie is exuberant and unashamed a scale of playing approached in contemporary musicals most nearly by Faith Prince in Guys and Dolls. Clean but soulless sound   On a technical note, modern recording technology (like modern Broadway microphone technique) has given us clean, clear but unspecific and soulless sound. Kiss of the Spider Woman, from an engineering point of view, might as well be a top-40 concept album, not a stage musical. Studio values have triumphed over the unpredictable energy of the theatre, where some people are louder and more present than others; where singers place their voices to reach the balcony, not their hairpieces; and where the imaginary walls are not covered in anechoic sculptured foam. The RH collection, though clearly studio-created, has the feel of the stage behind it. Perhaps this is simply the result of the different (less technologically supported) performance conditions of the day, both in the theatre and in the recording studio, but I sense a different philosophy of performance at work that transcends the availability of this or that electronic gizmo. .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 , .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 .postImageUrl , .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 , .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97:hover , .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97:visited , .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97:active { border:0!important; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97:active , .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97 .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue2ce2f1fbff77cb69bb20cbfb9251e97:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Anatoly Smeliansky EssayThe fourth CD in the anniversary set is an adorable collection including such out-of-the-way items as Oh, What a Beautiful Mornin sung by Bing Crosby and Trudy Erwin with the Sportsmen Glee Club, or Dites-moi, sung in regrettable English and French by the redoubtable Hildegarde and Orchestra. There are some sublime moments on this disc, too, including Carousels big rouser, Youll Never Walk Alone, sung plangently in 1945 by Judy Garland with a splendid orchestra and chorus behind her. After the three big shows in this collection, this record is a witty dessert course. The most apparent conclusion that one reaches from listening to this 50th anniversary set in close juxtaposition to the best contemporary writing (of which Kiss of the Spider Woman is a genuinely accomplished representative) is how innovatively and variously Rodgers and Hammerstein responded to their source texts. And their original performances had a musicality, an energy and a verve that modern performance style, conditioned to its detriment by modern sound technology, cannot match. Let us listen and learn from these last 50 years. Lets not shy away from ever-higher degrees of difficulty in our musical theatre, but lets be bolder and less formulaic in our responses. And let us value but, for everyones sake, not overvalue those musicals (like Kiss) that reach for something great and ultimately fall to earth without quite attaining it.

Wbbm-Fm B96 Station Overview Essay Example

Wbbm-Fm B96 Station Overview Paper 96. 3FM WBBM-FM (B96) Background and History Officially dubbed ‘B96’ toward the end of 1982, WBBM-FM (owned and operated by CBS Radio) is currently one of the longest running Top 40/CHR stations in the United States. Originally beginning as nothing more than the FM simulcast of WBBM-AM, the station played a very conservative mix of music appealing to a semi broad demographic. As time went on, WBBM (both AM and FM) began playing towards a younger audience until 1969 when WBBM-FM broke away from the WBBM-AM simulcast and adopted a progressive rock format, which later transitioned to more of Adult Top 40. When Dick Bartley became WBBM-FM’s program director in the late 70’s, the station transitioned from Adult Top 40 to Rhythmic Top 40. When radio consultant Mike Joseph (recognized as the creator of the ‘Hot Hitz’ format) began to oversee WBBM-FM’s operation, the station was renamed and ‘96 Now’ became Chicago’s first ‘Hot Hitz’ station playing nothing but top of the chart pop hits. After Josephs departure from ‘96 Now’ (only about a year after arriving), the station adopted the trademark B96 name. Although B96 has seen slight format alterations since then, the station has yet to completely change format, still embracing its original Hot Hitz/Rhythmic Top 40 format history. To this day B96 remains Chicago’s number one CHR station playing to the female Hispanic (primary) and Caucasian (secondary) 18-34 demographic. Managed by Peter Bowen, the CBS owned station broadcasts to the Chicagoland area with a transmitter of over 4200 watts. Erik Bradley is the current music director, deciding which Rhythmic Top 40 songs will be added to the rotation of the station and Todd Cavanah is the sitting programming director. We will write a custom essay sample on Wbbm-Fm B96 Station Overview specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Wbbm-Fm B96 Station Overview specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Wbbm-Fm B96 Station Overview specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The voices of B96 are made up of 9 On-Air Personalities (J-Nice, Julian, Showbiz Shelly, Dougie Stylz, J Roman, Rebecca Ortiz, Nikki, Jason Cage and Jerzy) all of which are produced by Mark Baggio and Gabe Ramierz. Jay McNeil, Julian Nieh and Sydney ‘showbiz’ Shelly make up the stations flagship morning show which replaced long running on-air team ‘Eddie and Jobo’ in 2009. Although beginning with a rough start (mainly due to opposition of the cancellation of Eddie and Jobo) B96’s ‘Jay and Julian’ have steadily been climbing towards the top ranks of FM’s morning radio. WBBM-FM’s studios and offices are located in the Prudential Building (180 N Stetson, Suite 963) in Chicago, IL. The signal is sent from this location to the main transmitter location in Elk Grove Village where it is then broadcast to the surrounding areas on a larger scale (4,200 Watts). With most of it’s promotions being related to concert tickets and giveaways within the Top 40 demographic, B96 also produces two collaboration concerts a year (The B96 SumerBash and The B96 JingleBash) both of which feature between 7 and 10 musical acts of national notoriety. The website (www. b96. om) which is used to deliver much of the stations entertainment news and promotions, is a cookie cutter CBS Radio webpage clearly geared for the tech-savvy generation (ages 12+) by incorporating many social networking aspects to the site. The station’s current slogan is â€Å"Chicago’s Number One Hit Music Station†. B96’s main office line is 312. 861. 9600 and the request line 312-591-9696. WBBM-FM uses it’s PPM data and surveys which show that the station is ranked number seven in the Chicago market (for adults aged 25-54) to successfully market the station the highest demographic listener. In July of 2011, B96 obtained a AQH of 143 with a cume of 328,500 persons for their morning show (Mon-Fri 6am-10am). B96 markets itself mainly through the use of live remotes and by sponsoring local high school/college events (sports games, dances and more). They also broadcast live regularly from Six Flags, Great America throughout the summer. They do budget a small amount for billboard ads but they have decreased the amount of advertisement in the recent years. B96 has not advertised by newspaper or television in over 10 years.

Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) History

Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) History The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) is an industrial labor union, founded in 1905 as a more radical alternative to craft unions. An industrial union organizes by industry, rather than by craft. The IWW is also intended to be a radical and socialist union, with an anti-capitalist agenda, not just reformist agenda within an overall capitalist system. The current constitution of the IWW makes clear its class struggle orientation: The working class and the employing class have nothing in common. There can be no peace so long as hunger and want are found among millions of the working people and the few, who make up the employing class, have all the good things of life.Between these two classes a struggle must go on until the workers of the world organize as a class, take possession of the means of production, abolish the wage system, and live in harmony with the Earth.†¦.It is the historic mission of the working class to do away with capitalism. The army of production must be organized, not only for everyday struggle with capitalists, but also to carry on production when capitalism shall have been overthrown. By organizing industrially we are forming the structure of the new society within the shell of the old. Informally called the â€Å"Wobblies,† the IWW originally brought together 43 labor organizations into â€Å"one big union.† The Western Federation of Miners (WFM) was one of the larger groups that inspired the founding. The organization also brought together Marxists, democratic socialists, anarchists, and others. The union was also committed to organizing workers regardless of sex, race, ethnicity, or immigrant status. Founding Convention The Industrial Workers of the World was founded at a convention in Chicago called on June 27, 1905, which â€Å"Big Bill† Haywood called â€Å"the Continental Congress of the working class.† The convention set the direction of the IWW as a confederation of workers for â€Å"the emancipation of the working class from the slave bondage of capitalism.† Second Convention The following year, 1906, with Debs and Haywood absent, Daniel DeLeon led his followers within the organization to remove the president and abolish that office, and to diminish the influence of the Western Federation of Miners, which DeLeon and his Socialist Labor Party fellows considered too conservative. Western Federation of Miners Trial At the end of 1905, after confronting the Western Federation of Miners on strike at Coeur d’Alene, someone assassinated the governor of Idaho, Frank Steunenberg.  In the first months of 1906, the Idaho authorities kidnapped Haywood, another union official Charles Moyer, and sympathizer George A. Pettibone, taking them across state lines to stand trial in Idaho.  Clarence Darrow took up the defense of the accused, winning the case at the trial from May 9 to July 27, which was widely publicized.  Darrow won an acquittal for the three men, and the union profited from the publicity. 1908 Split In 1908, a split in the party formed when Daniel DeLeon and his followers argued that the IWW should pursue political goals through the Social Labor Party (SLP). The faction which prevailed, often identified with â€Å"Big Bill† Haywood, supported strikes, boycotts, and general propaganda, and opposed political organization. The SLP faction left the IWW, forming the Workers’ International Industrial Union, which lasted until 1924. Strikes The first IWW strike of note was the Pressed Steel Car Strike, 1909, in Pennsylvania. The Lawrence textile strike of 1912 began among the workers at the Lawrence mills and then attracted IWW organizers to help out. The strikers numbered about 60% of the city’s population and were successful in their strike. In the east and Midwest, the IWW organized many strikes. Then they organized miners and lumberjacks in the west.   People Key early organizers of the IWW included Eugene Debs, â€Å"Big Bill† Haywood, â€Å"Mother† Jones, Daniel DeLeon, Lucy Parsons, Ralph Chaplin, William Trautmann, and others.  Elizabeth Gurley Flynn gave speeches for the IWW until she was expelled from high school, then she became a full-time organizer. Joe Hill (remembered in the â€Å"Ballad of Joe Hill†) was another early member who contributed his skill in writing song lyrics including parodies.  Helen Keller joined in 1918, to considerable criticism. Many workers joined the IWW when it was organizing a particular strike, and dropped membership when the strike was over.  In 1908, the union, despite its larger-than-life image, had only 3700 members. By 1912, the membership was 30,000 but was only half that the next three years.  Some have estimated that 50,000 to 100,000 workers may have belonged to the IWW at various times. Tactics The IWW used a variety of radical and conventional union tactics. The IWW supported collective bargaining, with the union and the owners negotiating over wages and working conditions. The IWW opposed the use of arbitration – settlement with negotiations run by a third party.  They organized in mills and factories, railroad yards and railroad cars. Factory owners used propaganda, strike-breaking, and police actions to break up IWW efforts. One tactic was using Salvation Army bands to drown out IWW speakers. (No wonder some IWW songs make fun of the Salvation Army, especially Pie in the Sky or Preacher and Slave.) When the IWW struck in company towns or work camps, employers responded with violent and brutal repression. Frank Little, partly of Native American heritage, was lynched in Butte, Montana, in 1917. The American Legion attacked an IWW hall in 1919 and murdered Wesley Everest. Trials of IWW organizers on trumped-up charges was another tactic. From the Haywood trial, to the trial of immigrant Joe Hill (the evidence was slim and then disappeared) for which he was convicted and the executed in 1915, to a Seattle rally where deputies fired on a boat and a dozen people died, to the 1200 Arizona strikers and family members detained, put in railroad cars, and dumped in the desert in 1917. In 1909, when Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was arrested in Spokane, Washington, under a new law against street speeches, the IWW developed a response: whenever any member was arrested for speaking, many others would also begin speaking in the same place, daring the police to arrest them, and overwhelming the local jails.  The defense of free speech brought attention to the movement, and in some places, also brought out vigilantes using force and violence to oppose street meetings.  Free speech fights continued from 1909 through 1914 in a number of cities. The IWW advocated for general strikes to oppose capitalism in general as an economic system. Songs To build solidarity, the members of IWW often used music.  Dump the Bosses Off Your Back, Pie in the Sky (Preacher and Slave), One Big Industrial Union, Popular Wobbly, Rebel Girl were among those included in the IWW’s â€Å"Little Red Songbook.† The IWW Today The IWW still exists.  But its power diminished during World War I, as sedition laws were used to put many of its leaders in prison, totaling almost 300 people. Local police and off duty military personnel forcibly closed IWW offices. Then some key IWW leaders, immediately after the Russian Revolution of 1917, left the IWW to found the Communist Party, USA.  Haywood, charged with sedition and out on bail, fled to the Soviet Union. After the war, a few strikes were won through the 1920s and 1930s, but the IWW had faded to a very small group with little national power.

Immunology HIV Concept Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Immunology HIV Concept Paper - Essay Example There were various things that were discovered in the experiment. The analysis was done on 1752 patients. The result from these patients indicated that more than half did not show CD4 count while a quarter of the patients record did not indicate WHO clinical stage on the first appointment form (Haskew et al. 3). Moreover, the analysis showed that 108 patients were from the IPC program while 1644 were from the VCT services (Haskew et al. 3). There was also additional information from the multivariable analysis. In the analysis, those patient that were found to be HIV positive through VCT services had more than twice chances of presenting to first clinical visit in the Worlds Health Organization(WHO) clinical stages 3 or 4 (Haskew et al. 3). This was as compared to those that were found to be HIV positive in the IPC. At the same time, the affected individuals that were tested through VCT services had more than twice higher odds of presenting to first clinical visit with CD$ of less or equal to 350 cells/ul (Haskew et al. 3). This was as compared to those that were tested positive in IPC. There was also some variation in the mean CD4 count at a first clinical visit. The number of individuals testing positive through VCT was somehow lesser as compared to those that tested positive through IPC. On the other hand, the gender and marriage status played a significant role in determining clinic visit. The male that were divorced or widowed were independently linked to stage 3 or 4 as per visit (Haskew et al. 4).

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alternative Fuel Vehicle - Essay Example Global private sector and government vehicle fleets are the main users of alternative vehicles and fuels, but, in the modern world today, consumers are intensively interested in use of alternative fuels and fuel vehicles. Environmentalist and ecological scientist agree that, alternative fuels and sophisticated vehicles rather than conventional cars and fuels aid the world reduce petroleum consumption, and emissions for fuel combustions and vehicles. Using Monroe motivated sequence form of argument; the paper will investigate alternative fuel vehicles, their economic, technological and ecological benefit to both consumers and the government in a global arena. Discussion Alternative fuel cars or vehicles are vehicles that use alternative fuel such as electricity, alcohol and natural gas instead of other traditional petroleum products (diesel and gasoline). Any engine moving strategy does not utilize petroleum products, (Wheeler, 2008). The percentage of light-duty cars is predicted to increase by 2030; therefore, need to create ecologically friendly and low fuel consumption vehicles are increasing. Enhancing the efficiency of vehicles is the only effective way to lower dependence on petroleum and improve environmental and public health security. Environmentalist and energy commission have construed that enhancing vehicle efficiency is not enough. Therefore, the world and the car industry must focus on enhancing their use of alternative fuel vehicles and fuels such as electricity, alcohol and other renewable sources. Alternative fuel cars offer increasingly impressive advancements in the fuel commercial. Similarly, alternative fuel cars that combine internal ignition engine of a car convention with an electrical motor can attain approximately two times the conventional cars fuel economy, (Carson & Vaitheeswaran, 2007). The system of energy storage maintains the energy to move the electric motor, for instance, batteries are most popular choices of energy storage in alternative fuel cars. Additionally, researchers are still under investigation to develop other options for storing energy. Experts agree that various increased fuel taxes in different parts of the world (such as Europe), strict environmental laws (such as California environmental laws) and increased chances of further restrictions on emission of greenhouse gases, operations on alternative systems of power for heavy fleet vehicles have become a main concern for manufacturers of vehicles and governments across the globe. Other compelling factors behind AFV manufacture include increased need to promote healthcare safety and other economic benefits, (American Petroleum Institute & World Resources Institute, 1990). Modern research and development mainly focus on AFV machines run by internal ignition and electric energy, (California & California, 2009). Alternative fuel cars minimize smog-forming contaminants through efficient locomotion, but because their internal ignition engine they produce minimal emissions. Similarly, increasing gas costs, environmental pollution and advanced techniques are the main contributing factors to the rising popularity for safe fuels for hybrid vehicles. This is because alternative fuel cars by far, supersede fossil fuel by running on hydrogen, electric power, ethanol and related renewable alternatives. Alternative fue

Self-reliance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self-reliance - Essay Example Emerson emphasizes on the need of knowing oneself and capabilities. It has been observed that a man who considers himself genius is often left-out or abandoned by the world. His norms or his customs become strange to the people. Emerson continues with the thought that society is the main influencing factor on the lives of such people who eventually comprise on their values, beliefs and customs to make the world and the society happy. A person should be allowed to live his life which he believes is good for him; anyone who creates a pattern in his life can be considered as defying his nature or his sphere of life. The lines explores that a person should not follow the pattern which is drawn for him by other people. He needs to think challenging steps to explore the beauty of life. Foolish people can only follow the norms and customs without knowing whether they are beneficial for him or not but wise men don’t do that. Wise men follow the logic and rationale behind everything. People pray without knowing the true essence and meaning of the prayers. A prayer is a form of faith that a person has on God. Emerson in his essay has stressed on the need of praying honestly and with all faith. In his essay, â€Å"self-reliance†, he has clearly stated that people pray to get their worldly desires to be fulfilled in a mean and selfish way. Prayers should be free of meanness; they should be pure and genuine. According to Emerson, our prayers are more focused on the fulfillment of our personal means at the cost of others. He states in his essay that our prayers can be exemplified â€Å"as a means to effect a private end is meanness and theft." Only by being self-reliance and determined we can pray with all our honesty. According to him our prayers should not be focused on attaining our personal goals; they should have a wider sphere of benefits for us and for the humanity. A self reliant soul would ask beyond his means from God. As a

How Does Poverty Cause Crime Criminology Essay

How Does Poverty Cause Crime Criminology Essay In the current essay we will discuss the fact that poverty causes crime. Poverty is a characteristic of the economic situation of the individual or social group in which they cannot satisfy a certain range of the minimum requirements needed for life saving ability.   Poverty is a relative concept and depends on the overall standard of living in this society. According to experts, not getting decent wages for their work, young people gradually lose the desire to marry, marry, have children they are full of fear for tomorrow, not sure that tomorrow they will not be fired because of another financial crisis. In addition, low wages and lack of jobs, experts say, are pushing young people to commit crimes in order to get rich quickly.   It is, therefore, among criminals, increases the number of adolescents, aged 18 to 25 years. Poverty is a consequence of diverse and interrelated reasons, which combine into the following groups: economic (unemployment, low wages, low productivity, lack of competitiveness of the industry); socio-medical (disability, old age, high levels of morbidity); Demographic (parent families, a large number of dependents in the family); socio-economic (low level of social guarantees); educational qualifications (a low level of education, lack of training); political (military conflict, forced migration); regional-geographic (uneven development of regions). As well, current crisis makes people react and do something, even if it is illegal, they start committing a crime. Poverty causes many crimes, as if a person was not poor and had faith in himself, he would not face the thought that he should search another ways to get money. Being poor, which could be caused by different reasons, makes a person unhappy, incapable to earn enough money, to buy anything he wants or at least something necessary. Poverty determines a certain stereotype in a persons thoughts, and he does not see any constructive solving of the problem, as he wants to choose the easiest way of getting money, even harming other people. Poverty has a huge psychological influence on people, who become depressed, desperate and then they decide to commit a crime, as they have not found anything that can legally get them out of such situation. Too many problems that a person faces in the modern society makes him get angrier on the whole situation and look for the new way of solving their problem. The desperate economical situation in the country and consequently the lack of the work places especially for young people creates the thoughts and actions of crime. No guarantees from the government and no proper help to people who are poor, leads to the chaos and misunderstanding, where the only way out they find is to commit a crime. Poverty as a social phenomenon in a historical sense is of lasting value.   The extent and depth of immersion of the people in the country reflects two important aspects of society the level of development of productive forces and the corresponding character of their operation principle of social justice. Most often, poverty is treated as financial insecurity of people, when income of a person or family does not allow maintaining socially necessary consumption for life, interfering with normal living and personal development. Poverty serves as guidelines for shaping social policy.   This phenomenon is assessed by using indicators of absolute and relative poverty, its depth and severity, as well as by the subjective perception of their individual well-being and quality of life. To determine the effect of poverty on crime, there may be also another way: by studying the living conditions of the poor and convicted before they commit crimes. As a consequence of the fact that poverty causes crime, criminally distorted psychology of society, values, personality as a direct cause of crime are expressed by more than just greed, aggression, irresponsibility and neglect of criminal law prohibitions.   It has several forms: greed, greed, the cause component of the Organized Crime and Entrepreneurship, greed, parasitism, generating professional and recidivism, greed, irresponsibility, have a drunken crime, situational robbery and looting teens, when crimes are committed to meet the immediate material needs  , greed, poverty, which is based on physical survival.   At a gain now there is 80% of the totality of the causes of crime at this time. The main source of crime in any society is the aggravation of his social contradictions. It is also defined as meaningful and quantifiable features of the formation are within a specific time parameters.   It is known that the technologically advanced capitalist countries do not have the same crimes. As a fact, crimes begin from the childhood. As a rule, if a child was born in a poor family, there are more chances that he will start committing crimes. All over the world there is propaganda of a luxurious way of life, of successful people, of expensive mansions, cars, of beautiful journeys, etc. When children and adolescents see that and understand that parents will not provide them with all these things, they start looking for the opportunity to get money fast to buy at least something. And consequently they decide to commit a crime. The crimes committed by adolescents are considered the cruelest. The majority of cases of all crimes show that a driving force of the crimes is the money. The values of the society are built the way that those people with the problems in their minds decide to bring closer all these luxurious things. One of the main aspects that can prevent poverty is education. If children are educated properly, then they will perceive the reality as it is and they will try to succeed in legal ways to study, to get a job. Sometimes, crimes are the symptom of the culture, and education can cure the cultural poverty and financial poverty will be cured itself, as a consequence. As a fact, not only poor people commit crimes, as there are also rich people who have no boundaries in their actions and power and they also commit crimes to get more money and power. Considering the statistics, the total number of the seven index crimes is reported to police per 100,000 inhabitants in the United States. The research states that if to reduce poverty, crime will be reduced, although with the crisis that has begun in 2008, there have been registered less crimes, although there are more poor people because of the crisis. As an example of it, in the first decade of the XXI century crime in the United States has tended to decline. By the end of the decade, crime rates, according to many indicators, have fallen dramatically, despite the economic crisis of 2008-2010.   In some cities such as New York, the crime rate has dropped to the record lows. With the onset of recession in the U.S., many media outlets have expressed fears that the crisis (for example, increased unemp loyment and reduced real incomes of people) will lead to a rapid increase in crime.   FBI report shows that these fears have not yet met.   Published in the 2008, the study of the Heritage Foundation showed that the relationship between economic perturbations and crime exists, but it is not so clear.   Thus, in the United States there is a nation-wide crime statistics since 1934.   During all this time only for 16 years the crime rate has declined.   The crime rate has steadily increased from 1955 to 1972, although this time the U.S. economy has experienced a rapid period of development, weak, a recession occurs only in mid-1960.   In turn, during the Great Depression statistics was only for the period from 1934 to 1938 criminals showed less activity.   Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) issued a preliminary report on crime rates in the U.S. in 2009.   This statistics is based on data provided by about 17 thousand law enforcement agencies of different jurisdictions.   The main conclusions of the report compared to 2008, the number of property crimes in the U.S. decreased by 6.1%, violent crimes by 4,4%.   According to the report, this year the number of murders in the U.S. fell by 10%, robberies on 6,5%, rape by 3,3%.   Among property crimes, the most significantly decreased the number of thefts of cars (by 18,7%), theft (by 5,3%) and burglary (2.5%).   The greatest reductions in crime noted in cities with populations exceeding one million. In addition to FBI statistics, the crime rate measures the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics by the Census Bureau (study called National Crime Victimization Survey). Since 1973, there have been annually polled 70-80 thousand of households (family or group of people living togethe r and having a total budget), to identify about how many actually committed crimes Americans have not informed the police.   The last time similar research was conducted in 2008.   It showed that the victims of the criminals, Americans turn to law enforcement agencies do not always: becoming the victims of violent crimes, they shall notify the police in 51,2% of the property in 39,6% of cases. Another important indicator for gauging the level of crime in the U.S. is a traditional study conducted the service Gallup Rating the perception of crime.   Every year Gallup asks Americans to estimate increased or decreased the number of crimes in their area and across the country.   In the recent years, such survey was conducted in September 2009.   Then 74% of Americans said that compared with last year the crime rate in the U.S. grew on 15% reported that the situation has improved.   The rise in crime in their area was 51% decrease 29%.   As a fact, 12% of respondents said that the situation with crime in their place of residence was very serious; the crime rate across the United States similarly estimated 55% of respondents.   It is curious that in the last decade, both of these indicators remain fairly stable, fluctuating slightly. As a rule, those countries where there is no proper economic regulations, there are more chances that people will react negatively and commit more crimes, as the consequence of unhappy life and no perspective in such countries. Although there is no proof of the direct connection of the fact that poverty is the main motive to commit a crime, as there are many factors present in the minds of people who in different situations can act differently. It is not quite explicable that fact that while there is a depression and economical crisis all over the world, people do not commit more crimes, as the statistics shows that people do not intend to commit more crimes. The consequences and the logic of this fact are not fully understandable. In the modern world everything changes so quickly that people get accustomed to the situation, they learn the rules of the game and probably they try to find a better way to earn money and succeed than to commit a crime. There can be also hope that the mor e people get more education, the more they get knowledge, the better they understand life and the rules to survive. The more people know, the better they understand the situations, the values, the perspective, the more ideas they have, the more creative they are and the more they feel capable to find a job and to succeed in life. In poor countries such as Brazil and the countries of the former Soviet Union, there are millions of poor people who do not have a way out because of the lack of any perspectives to find a job, as the level of corruption is extremely high. In such countries it is especially visible the difference and the gap between the extremely rich and very poor people. There are almost no middle class people who have a job, a house and other benefits. That is why there are almost no chances to combat it, as poor and desperate people in these countries do not see any other opportunity except committing a crime. The obvious injustice and no social guarantees make people feel as losers, who see the luxurious life and who cannot touch it. As a fact, there is a lot of envy because of such a big gap and so much poverty. Each country has its problems and level of poverty, but there is one main point- the lack of money. If people had money at least for the basic needs, there would not be such level of poverty. And as Aristotle said: Poverty a source of disturbance and crime, which means that little problem becomes a huge problem if there is nothing useful done to prevent it. That is why the right policy of the country will be able to eliminate poverty and along with that there will be no crime in the future. What factors specifically lead to poverty in the countries?   This high level of unemployment, a significant number of jobs that do not provide a living wage, as well as reducing the number of social service costs. It can be emphasized that poverty reduction should not be a charity event.   It must go against strong social inequalities.  The only way to do this is to foster a society of equal opportunities. If we deal only with short-term problems in order to achieve short term objectives rather than to focus on strategic issues of economic and social development, we may miss the last chance to make the country the basis for a viable, long-term development based on economic and social modernization. So, the agenda should include the following vital issues: Reducing inequality and providing our citizens the opportunity to realize their constitutional rights; Restoration of a common economic space; Infrastructure development through the joint efforts of government and the private sector (roads, railways, ports, airports, bridges, power lines, electricity, etc.); The solution of demographic problems of the countries; The rise of living standards (including environmental problems); Eliminating unevenness in the level of regional development; Harmonization of interethnic relations in the country and the creation of normal living conditions for the communities living outside of Russia; National security and territorial integrity; The safety of citizens; As a fact, it is easier to prevent poverty than to deal with its consequences. The fact that people commit crimes when they are poor does not justify them. But the government has to take measures to prevent the poverty, there should be created more opportunities for people to work, as keeping people busy can prevent crimes and even the thoughts of it. Proper economical policy, positive changes in the social sphere, economical issues and employment can guarantee the higher level of education and understanding the principles, which will avoid the crime in the future. There should be also organized the certain campaigns aimed at the reduction of poverty, as it in some cases causes crime. Anyway, if the importance of money wan not so crucial these days, probable the majority of people would not commit crimes. As it is very difficult to be different from everyone in the society that value the materialistic ideas, the goods and products, it becomes a real challenge not to have goals to buy, to own something. It happens because the society judges those who are different, who has different vision, goals, principles and ideas. That is why people are almost forced to do everything the right way to be as everyone else is, to work and to succeed. And if there are no possibilities for that in the country, people start looking for other, wrong ways to reach it anyway. They start looking for the easiest, quickest and lowest ways to reach their goal, and that is why robberies, different violent crimes and thefts occur. Some people after committing them feel innocent, as they think that if the government did not give certain things and possibilities to them, then they have the rig ht to take things or money from the richer people. Deceiving themselves, people live in their own world that is so narrow, that allows them to commit a crime and to presume that no one will ever know. As a fact, it is sad that a reality is that money takes a very important place in peoples lives. Everything people do to earn money sometimes in not enough, that is why arise different problems which lead to the thoughts to commit a crime as that last opportunity. Everyone wants to live worthily and this desire determines unexpected behavior. Often people want to prove something to their friends, family, loved ones, but they do not manage to achieve it in a legal way, choosing instead the lowest possible way to commit a crime, thinking that from that moment on everything would change for the better. It is obvious that money rules the world, which is why almost every crime is based on the desire to get more money at any cost. Those who commit crime do not usually think about consequences and they pay for everything they have done later. Sometimes people just lack the patience and they want to have everything too soon without any considerable long time efforts. Consequently, this practice does not work and people are forced to pay for everything they have done. Psychological help and support in difficult situations can help and benefit people to overcome difficulties, challenging times and other problems. Being open to discussions, to new ideas, to new opportunities and options, people can stop thinking about committing a crime because they are poor. The capacity to believe in yourself, in the future possibilities and in the brighter future lacks in the minds of the people. It is surprising that people commit crimes, as it is obvious that sooner or later they will pay for what the y have done and it is important to take control of the life. The mistake is that people sometimes consider themselves cleverer than the others and think they are capable of changing they life easily by harming someone else. This method, fortunately, does not work. Being realistic and optimistic at the same time can save situation and turn life to the better. All in all, only the right policies of the countries can solve this problem and make people understand and see other right ways to earn money and to get out of poverty. People are instruments in the hands of the government and they play by its rules. If there will be more opportunities and proper social conditions for people to live and work, the crimes that are caused by poverty will not take place anymore. A lot depends on the country people live in and on the fact how they see their future, which possibilities and advantages they see and want to implement in their life. Anyway, everything depends on a choice a person makes, wherever he lives and whatever he has.

Salmonella :: essays research papers fc

Description Salmonella is an intestinal infection caused by Salmonella enterica bacteria. You can become infected by eating foods contaminated with Salmonella or by touching infected pets. In rarer cases, Salmonella infection can also be carried in medical products that were derived from contaminated animals. Before a Salmonella infection can begin, somewhere between 100,000 and 100,000,000 Salmonella enterica bacteria must actually be swallowed. Salmonella bacteria invade the intestinal wall, where they trigger inflammation. They also produce irritating intestinal poisons. In some rare cases, Salmonella bacteria may enter the bloodstream and settle in tissues and organs far away from the intestines. This spread of Salmonella infection is most common in infants, in the elderly, and in patients whose immune defenses are weakened. Symptoms After someone has eaten food contaminated with Salmonella bacteria, it usually takes 8 to 48 hours for symptoms to begin. Symptoms of Salmonella include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and muscle aches. Prevention You can prevent Salmonella by thoroughly cooking all meats, ground beef, poultry and eggs, and by promptly refrigerating all leftovers. Whenever silverware has touched raw meat, wash these items thoroughly with soap and water. Also, avoid eating eggs that are raw or partially cooked. Frequent hand washing is particularly important, especially after using the rest room. Treatment Doctors do not usually prescribe antibiotics, since patients typically recover on their own in a few days. Since many strains of Salmonella are resistant to one or more antibiotics, a patient may be treated initially with one antibiotic, then switched to a second antibiotic if it doesn’t work. Prognosis Most patients with Salmonella recover within 5 to 10 days; however, they may continue to pass Salmonella bacteria in their stool for up to 2 months. Salmonella :: essays research papers fc Description Salmonella is an intestinal infection caused by Salmonella enterica bacteria. You can become infected by eating foods contaminated with Salmonella or by touching infected pets. In rarer cases, Salmonella infection can also be carried in medical products that were derived from contaminated animals. Before a Salmonella infection can begin, somewhere between 100,000 and 100,000,000 Salmonella enterica bacteria must actually be swallowed. Salmonella bacteria invade the intestinal wall, where they trigger inflammation. They also produce irritating intestinal poisons. In some rare cases, Salmonella bacteria may enter the bloodstream and settle in tissues and organs far away from the intestines. This spread of Salmonella infection is most common in infants, in the elderly, and in patients whose immune defenses are weakened. Symptoms After someone has eaten food contaminated with Salmonella bacteria, it usually takes 8 to 48 hours for symptoms to begin. Symptoms of Salmonella include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and muscle aches. Prevention You can prevent Salmonella by thoroughly cooking all meats, ground beef, poultry and eggs, and by promptly refrigerating all leftovers. Whenever silverware has touched raw meat, wash these items thoroughly with soap and water. Also, avoid eating eggs that are raw or partially cooked. Frequent hand washing is particularly important, especially after using the rest room. Treatment Doctors do not usually prescribe antibiotics, since patients typically recover on their own in a few days. Since many strains of Salmonella are resistant to one or more antibiotics, a patient may be treated initially with one antibiotic, then switched to a second antibiotic if it doesn’t work. Prognosis Most patients with Salmonella recover within 5 to 10 days; however, they may continue to pass Salmonella bacteria in their stool for up to 2 months.

Human Capital Management

My decision to pursue the 9-month Master of Science in Management Studies (MSMS) program on offer at MIT Sloan School of Management was largely influenced by Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)’s Faculty of Business Administration invitation as one of the participating schools for this prestigious program. CUHK’s inclusion affords me the opportunity to fulfill my lifelong desire of acquiring a top-notch global business education from a world-class university.If accepted, enrolling for the MSMS program at MIT will be a kind of a homecoming. This is because of my prior sojourn to the United States for educational and vocational purposes. I had my college education at both Bentley College, Massachusetts and Washington University in St.Louis, Missouri, and I also had a professional stint at the Human Capital Practice unit of Deloitte Consulting which took me to American cities like Houston and Los Angeles.Afterwards, I had to take a diversion to the CUHK to pursue a full -time MBA program with a concentration in China Business. This was to enable me become well-grounded in modern Chinese business practices and also to catch up on developments leading to the emergence of China as the next global economic superpower.When I learnt about the CUMBA/MIT MSc in Management Studies Dual Degree Option, it turned out to be an opportunity of a lifetime. I discovered that the program will not only permit me to continue expanding on my knowledge of Chinese business but also empower me to develop a solid background on global best practices in international management.My academic interests will be focused majorly on issues bordering on work, labor, and employment relations as well as human resource management, labor market issues, and related public policies. I will like to investigate how to retain and motivate employees using incentives other than just pecuniary compensation. In addition, I will also be interested in examining key business topics like supply chai ns and corporate complianceEnrolling for the MIT Sloan MSMS program will also enable me to take advantage of MIT Sloan’s impressive research facilities and resources. Of particular interest to me is the Institute for Work & Employment Research (IWER), where I will be conducting a considerable piece of the research towards fulfilling my thesis requirements.I will be glad to tap into the institute’s over 50 years legacy of research and teaching about the changing world of work and employment and discover how I can apply the acquired know-how in the Chinese business terrain.Also worth exploring for me in greater depth is the MIT Sloan Management Review, the preeminent quarterly academic journal. I am a huge fan of this reliable source of innovative ideas for the 21st century business leader and would love the opportunity to contribute scholarly articles, or even get my Master’s thesis featured in a future edition of the journal.MIT Sloan’s intellectually eng aging student body, forward-thinking faculty, and extensive alumni network complete the list of key reasons for selecting the management school as my preferred destination for advanced degree study.I look forward to the prospect of meeting and collaborating with great minds, especially Professor Thomas Kochan, Co-director of IWER and George Maverick Bunker Professor of Management. I would be drawing a lot of inspiration from his thoughts and scholarly works on industrial relations, work and employment.ANSWER TO QUESTION NO. 2Restructuring Human Capital Management (HCM) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in China would probably be a thesis topic I would pursue. Why? Because, often times, in China, the primary focus for company managers are how to reduce overhead cost, make huge profits, and deliver the highest possible returns for shareholders.For managers that care less about long term, this narrow, profit- oriented approach to business may suffice, but only for a very short period of time. However, for companies that want to stand the test of time and survive the vagaries of modern day business, a more balanced management style is non-negotiable.Of course, most Chinese companies already have structures in place to cater to Human Capital Management, and Corporate Social Responsibility. The essence of this thesis however, is to suggest ways to reform these structures and make it a little more robust and engaging.

Confucianism and Taoism Two contrasting views of life essay

Confucianism and Taoism Two contrasting views of life essay Confucianism and Taoism: Two contrasting views of life? essay Confucianism and Taoism: Two contrasting views of life? essayAny cultural factor should be considered as part of the system that gave rise to it. A single factor which is torn from a socio-historical context can be easily understood wrongly. It is impossible to speak on Taoism out of socio-cultural context in which it is originated. This context is Confucianism, without which, perhaps, there would not be Taoism. These two religions have common roots, but they are still two contrasting vies of life.Taoism emerged in 5-4 centuries BC and it seemed to be an â€Å"opponent† of the dominant ethical system of Confucianism (Yu, 2008). The postulates of these studies often seem to be diametrically opposed (in this case, the philosophical Taoism is discussed as social and philosophical teachings, not as the methods of psycho-physical training and alchemical practice).The main difference between the Confucian and Taoist cultures is the attitudes toward human nature, from which â€Å"di stribution of roles†, established between them in the traditional Chinese culture, implies. Both scholars have suggested the need for change in order to get closer to the â€Å"true essence of a man† but the question is what was invested in this concept and methods of updating the true nature?Confucians believed that the true essence of man is humanity (jen), the good, true human beginning. Self-education, the development of a â€Å"humane† beginning (the carrier of high moral and psychological qualities) and the suppression of a â€Å"wild†, â€Å"evil† were understood under the self-improvement. At the time of Taoism appearance Confucianism was the official doctrine, the foundation of the state structure. â€Å"The central figure†, the ideal of Confucianism chun-tzu is a â€Å"noble man†, the support of the Confucian mind. Its virtues: self-control, justice, piety, and social responsibility. Its goal is public service; personality i n Confucian ethics is subjected to the society (Chen, 2010).Confucian culture is elite; the basic medium of its distribution is the noble people (mostly government officials whose main activity consists in the administration of the state). Hence the desire to order governing and ritualizing all possible spheres of life is. Similar to the psychological sphere, the changes achieved by limiting the adverse factors, mainly through the acquisition of behavior norms, the control (first external and then internal). A permanent control over own mental sphere and the preservation of permanent self-control were considered as virtue of the â€Å"noble man†. The most important method on self-improvement is also related with self-observation, designed to identify â€Å"wrong† that should be eliminated.On the other hand, Taoists, condemning the â€Å"barbarism†, wildness, susceptibility to passion, understood a true human nature initially under inherent to every phenomenon co smic principle, which embodies the same laws of nature for all the universal. The highest goal of Taoism is the identification and ultimate actualization of the â€Å"true beginning† in a man and the complete submission to it, â€Å"merging† with a single flow of the universe movement.There is originally no question about morality and the public wellbeing. Taoism focuses on individual improvement. The moral growth comes naturally as the union of the adept with Tao, but it is not imposed from outside. Hence, the behavior of the Taoist is less constrained by the conventional rules. Their place is taken by the natural rules that come with a deep transformation of the individual and, therefore, they are not perceived as a constraint. Thus, Taoism is more humanistic comparing to Confucianism, which is initially focused on the education of the decent member of society and the maintenance of public order.Assessing the vulnerability to passions as negative as the Confucians di d, Taoists were opposed to the forcible suppression of unwanted aspects of human nature. Instead of fighting with him, the cultivation of a state of rest, detachment including alienation from man’s own passions was practiced in the Taoist tradition. â€Å"Self† takes the position of an observer providing a stream of consciousness opportunity to flow itself:â€Å"Having reached the limit of emptiness, observing peace and tranquility, looking at the mutual origination of things, Ill contemplate only its permanent return† (Tao Te Ching) (Kirkland, 1998).Different ways of perceiving themselves and world Taoists and Confucians have different â€Å"views† on life perception. Confucian thinking is necessarily binary, dichotomic, based on learning the phenomena in terms of their opposition, on the opposition of pairs such as â€Å"natural – cultural†, â€Å"tranquility – movement†, â€Å"good – evil†, â€Å"subject â₠¬â€œ object†, etc. In human nature Confucians clearly separated and opposed the â€Å"natural† (passions) and â€Å"cultural†, designed to restrain these passions. Such an approach, which opens the way to the analytical knowledge of the world, allows ordering a picture of the world, at the same time â€Å"splits† the world in the oppositions, depriving it of its integrity. In this case everything what does not fit into this artificial model of the world is distorted or ignored. Confucian upbringing also contributed to the internal confrontation, leading to intrapersonal conflicts.For the Taoist life’s view, the social rules and norms are perceived as: 1) violence against the person, 2) convention, artificial formation, thus, preventing the appearance of the true nature of man, and 3) a factor that increases the separation of a man from the world (Dickerson, 2006).Taoist view of life is holistic, so-called â€Å"contradictions† are combined, p resented as inseparable interacting poles of the whole, and this interaction is the source of movement and development. Unity with Tao blurs the line between object and subject, â€Å"self† and â€Å"non-self†, the man and the world.Confucius sees the main task of the philosophy in the preservation and transmission of the ancient culture to the descendants. The person as a member of society is in the center of his teaching. The main human quality, according to Confucius, is the humanity, or â€Å"love to people† (jen). Humanity is also a universal law, the meaning of which Confucius formulated in the form of â€Å"golden rule† of morality, â€Å"Do not wish anyone anything what you don’t want for yourself† (Nuyen, 2001).Confucius devoted much attention to issues of state governance. In his view, the relationship between citizens and subordinates should be regulated by analogy to the relationship in the family. Everyone must adhere to his res ponsibilities and do not deviate from them. In this case, he becomes a â€Å"noble man† and is guided by justice, rather than petty personal gain, as the â€Å"low men† do. In contrast to Confucianism, focusing on the social aspects of reality, Taoism addressed exclusively to the inner world of a man. Only in himself, in the depths of his mind and soul, a person can open Tao the mystical essence of the life, its underlying cause, meaning and ultimate goal. The main principle of Taoism is â€Å"Everything comes from Tao; Tao is in and returns to Tao†. Being on the path of self-contemplation and opening Tao, a person can attain physical immortality by going to a higher level of existence.While Taoism and Confucianism have some similarities, they still have contrasting views of life. Taoism, with its concept of non-action, traditionally in opposition to Confucianism, preached the service to the emperor and public. This opposition was so deep that it was even refle cted in the work of Jesuit missionaries: for instance, Matteo Ricci was in a close contact with the Confucian elite and rejected Taoism as a pagan practice while his opponent Michele Ruggieri argued the similarities between the concepts of Tao and the Logos. However, the explicit opposition of these traditions existed mostly on the surface. In reality, in full accordance with the Taoist life view, both doctrines are inseparable poles of a single socio-cultural phenomenon. Their interaction leads to interpenetration enriching equally both traditions.

TCE essays

TCE essays TCE is a nonflammable liquid it is colorless. It has a sweet odor and a sweet burning taste. TCE does not occur naturally in the environment. It is an artificial compound. It is produced synthetically from 1,2-dichloroethane. And stabilizers are added to the marketed product. It is used mainly as a solvent to remove greases from metal parts, it is also an ingredient in adhesives, typewriter correction fluid and spot and paint removers. 75-80% of TCE production is used for degreasing metals. Because of its good solvent properties it was formerly used in dry-cleaning facilities. It is also used to extract natural substances. An example would be in decaffeinated coffee or fruit juices. Skin contact with TCE can cause irritation and rashes on the skin. Drinking small amounts of TCE over a long period of time can cause liver and kidney damage, nervous system effects and impaired immune system function. Also during pregnancy it can impair fetal development. Drinking larger amounts can cause nausea, convulsions a coma and in some cases death. Breathing TCE for a long time can cause impaired heart function and coma or death. Breathing TCE for a short period of time can cause headaches, lung irritation, dizziness and difficulty concentrating. Some studies with mice have shown that high levels of TCE may cause liver or lung cancer. Also some studies of people exposed to TCE over long periods of time showed increased risk of cancer. These studies however, are inconclusive the cancer could have been caused by other things. You could be exposed by breathing air in from around the house contaminated by TCE vapors from the shower water. Also breathing in common household items such as, spot removers or correction fluid. Drinking, swimming or showering in water with TCE in it could have also exposed you. ...

Chinas Access to Globalization after Tiananmen Incident Essay

Chinas Access to Globalization after Tiananmen Incident - Essay Example Accordingly, many scholars have proposed that examples such as territorial disputes have independently shown the impact of internal factions/factors has with respect to the authority of the People’s Republic of China within the modern era. With all of this in mind, it is essential to analyze the domestic situation within China since 1989 as a means of providing a seamless level of logic with regards to explicating the way which China has engaged with the world and has engaged with a level of globalization. Since 1989, the CCP has promoted its fundamental goal as ensuring its continued survival and preservation within the People’s Republic of China. As such, leadership within the CCP have viewed the â€Å"China model† and specific economic developments, as an interval complement of how this goal can be realized and affected. In such a manner, the corresponding thread of similarity that connects the China model, Chinese foreign policy, and the historical background that is been reference is the legitimacy crisis and the means through which this political entity can continue to stay relevant. As can clearly be noted, the legitimacy of any political group, and its right to power, is predicated partially upon economic growth and the overall well-being, or sense of well-being, that exists within the society that it directs/oversees. The balancing act that the CCP has found itself engaged in is one in which the development of the economy and incremental reforms does not create an untenable situation; or one that would ultimately result in the dissolution or illegitimacy of the party. Accordingly, this particular dissertation will be presented in four unique sections.